Question 1

Which technique best determines a trileaflet aortic valve from a bicuspid aortic valve?

Options :

A : Visualize all three leaflets simultaneously during systole

B : Visualize all three leaflets simultaneously during diastole

C : Use pulsed wave Doppler to demonstrate normal flow velocity

D : Use continuous wave Doppler to demonstrate normal flow velocity

Answer: B

Question 2

Which congenital abnormality is most consistent with the findings in this video?

Options :

A : Patent foramen ovale

B : Ventricular septal defect

C : Ebstein anomaly

D : Eisenmenger syndrome

Answer: C

Question 3

Which is the most likely abnormality represented in these images from a 48-year-old man with shortness of breath?

Options :

A : Loeffler syndrome

B : Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

C : Left ventricular noncompaction

D : Ischemic cardiomyopathy

Answer: C

Question 4

How must the sonographer angle the transducer from the apical four-chamber view in order to visualize theaortic valve in the apical five-chamber view?

Options :

A : Anteriorly

B : Posteriorly

C : Medially

D : Laterally

Answer: A

Question 5

The variables necessary to calculate mitral regurgitant (MR) effective orifice area by the proximal isovelocitysurface area (PISA) equation include MR aliasing hemispheric radius, the aliasing velocity, and which otherparameter?

Options :

A : Mitral annular diameter

B : Time velocity integral of pulsed wave at mitral annulus

C : Maximum mitral regurgitant velocity

D : Left ventricular outflow tract diameter

Answer: C

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