Question 1

Which of the following Prometheus instrumentation methods should be used for ingesting metrics about short-lived batch jobs?

Options :

A : Direct instrumentation, expose via push to Prometheus Pushgateway

B : Create a long-lived exporter to retrieve the metrics whenever the job finishes, normal exposition

C : Create a long-lived exporter to retrieve the metrics whenever the job finishes, expose via push to Prometheus Pushgateway

D : Direct instrumentation, normal exposition

Answer: A

Question 2

You are writing a bash script that will write metrics that are ultimately ingested via the Node Exporter’s textfile collector. You want to add a metric that tracks the number of users currently logged into your server.

Which of the following metric names, types and labels is the MOST appropriate for this use case?

Options :

A : Name: user_last_login_timestamp

B : Type: Gauge

C : Labels: username

D : Type: Counter

E : Name: users_logged_in

F : Labels: None

G : Name: users_logged_in

H : Labels: last_login_timestamp

Answer: E

Question 3

Let a Node Exporter scrape job be denoted by the label job="node". Assume there are many instances of this scrape.

Which of the following queries yields the average duration of the last scrape across all instances?

Options :

A : avg by (instance) (scrape_duration_seconds{job="node"})

B : avg(scrape_duration_seconds{job="node"})

C : avg(timestamp(up{job="node"}))

D : avg_over_time(scrape_duration_seconds{job="node"}[1m])

Answer: B

Question 4

What is the definition of an error budget?

Options :

A : The set of actions to be taken when an SLO or SLA has been breached

B : The measurement for an SLO

C : The maximum time a system can be down without violating an SLO or SLA

D : The number of errors a system can have without having an adverse effect on the company budget

Answer: C

Question 5

Which of the following types of observability data is MOST closely related to the definition given below?

A numeric measurement recorded over time

Options :

A : Time Table

B : Time Series

C : Metric

D : Trace

Answer: B

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